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\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064e\u0645\u0652\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0649 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n [1]<\/a>\u00a0\u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0648\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0649\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c 2002\u060c \u0635 379<\/p>\n [2] \u062b\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n Bach, T., Wegrich, K., How to Deal with the Blind Spots of Public Bureaucracies. In: Bach, T., Wegrich, K. (eds) The Blind Spots of Public Bureaucracy and the Politics of Non-Coordination. Executive Politics and Governance. Palgrave Macmillan, 2019.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-76672-0_12<\/a><\/p>\n Hall, D., On \u2018blind spots\u2019 in international political economy. Review of International Political Economy, 30(1), 2021.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09692290.2021.2018016<\/a><\/p>\n[3] Bovensiepen, J., & Pelkmans, M., Dynamics of wilful blindness: An introduction. Critique of Anthropology, 40(4), 2020.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0308275X20959432<\/a><\/p>\n[4] Bovensiepen, J., & Pelkmans, M., op.cit, the same link.<\/p>\n[5] Margaret Heffernan Willful blindness: When a leader turns a blind eye,Ivey Business Journal Issues: May \/ June 2012.<\/p>\n https:\/\/iveybusinessjournal.com\/about\/<\/a><\/p>\n [6] Matias, J., Belletier, C., Izaute, M., Lutz, M., & Silvert, L. , The role of perceptual and cognitive load on inattentional blindness: A systematic review and three meta-analyses. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 75(10), 2022<\/p>\n https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/17470218211064903<\/a><\/p>\n [7]<\/a>\u00a0\u062c\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u062f \u062c\u0648\u0646\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0631\u0636\u0627\u060c\u00a0 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2020\u00a0https:\/\/mana.net\/7467\/<\/a><\/p>\n [8] Kanetake M., Blind Spots in International Law. Leiden Journal of International Law.;31(2) 2018\u00a0https:\/\/shorturl.at\/vQLp6<\/a><\/p>\n [9] Bovensiepen, J., & Pelkmans, M., op.cit, the same link.<\/p>\n [10]<\/a>\u00a0 \u062d\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0646\u062f\u062a\u060c \u0625\u064a\u062e\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0633\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u062f\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0641\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c 2014.<\/p>\n H\u00f8yer Toft, K.,Ethical Blindness and Business Legitimacy. In: Rendtorff, J.D. (eds) Handbook of Business Legitimacy. Springer, 2020<\/p>\n https:\/\/link.springer.com\/referenceworkentry\/10.1007\/978-3-030-14622-1_33<\/a><\/p>\n[11] Alexandra Stark ,Don\u2019t Bomb the Houthis Careful Diplomacy Can Stop the Attacks in the Red Sea, foreign affairs, January 11, 2024\u00a0https:\/\/www.foreignaffairs.com\/africa\/dont-bomb-houthis<\/a><\/p>\n Jean-Loup Samaan ,The Red Sea attacks highlight the erosion of US leadership in the region, atlantic council<\/p>\n ,May 16, 2024\u00a0https:\/\/www.atlanticcouncil.org\/blogs\/menasource\/red-sea-attacks-houthis-biden-administration-leadership\/<\/a><\/p>\n [12] Ren\u00e9 Wildangel ,Wilful blindness: How the EU should revise its refugee deal with Turkey.<\/p>\n https:\/\/ecfr.eu\/article\/commentary_wilful_blindness_how_the_eu_should_revise_its_refugee_deal_with\/<\/a><\/p>\n [13]<\/a>\u00a0\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0639\u062f\u0647: \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0647 \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0631 \u064a\u0644\u063a\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0632\u060c \u0660\u0666\/\u0660\u0667\/\u0662\u0660\u0662\u0664<\/p>\n https:\/\/arabic.euronews.com\/2024\/07\/06\/sir-keir-starmer-killed-off-rwanda-deportation-plan-first-day-premiership<\/a><\/p>\n [14] Giles Merritt, Why Europe is losing Africa to Moscow and Beijing , 18 Jun 2024<\/p>\n https:\/\/www.friendsofeurope.org\/insights\/why-europe-is-losing-africa-to-moscow-and-beijing\/<\/a><\/p>\n [15]<\/a> \u062f. \u062f\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0631\u0634\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a.. \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2016\u060c \u0635 5- 11<\/p>\n [16]<\/a>\u00a0 \u0641\u0624\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0631 “\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a” \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2016\u060c \u0635 52 – 29.<\/p>\n [17] Thomas Preston, Leadership and Foreign Policy Analysis<\/p>\n https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/acrefore\/9780190846626.013.255<\/a><\/p>\n[18] Hofmann, A. Overconfidence and Self-Blindness: Why We Think We Are Better Than We Actually Are. In: The Ten Commandments of Risk Leadership. Future of Business and Finance. Springer. 2022<\/p>\n https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-88797-1_8<\/a><\/p>\n[19] Manfred F.R. Kets de Vries Jennifer C. Sexton B. Parker Ellen III Destructive and Transformational Leadership in Africa June 2016Africa Journal of Management 2(2):1-22 June 2016<\/p>\n https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/23322373.2016.1175267<\/a><\/p>\n [20] Kevork Oskanian , Out of Illusion, Weakness: Liberalism and Its Blind Spots , Dec 11 2018 \u00a0https:\/\/www.e-ir.info\/2018\/12\/11\/out-of-illusion-weakness-liberalism-and-its-blind-spots\/<\/a><\/p>\n [21]<\/a>\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0636\u0631\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u061f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629.\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2023\u00a0https:\/\/shorturl.at\/v2Aqx<\/a><\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629.\u0646\u062a\u060c 19-9-2023<\/p>\n https:\/\/shorturl.at\/mVK1S<\/a><\/p>\n [22]<\/a>\u00a0Bach, T., Wegrich, K.. Blind Spots, Biased Attention, and the Politics of Non-coordination. In: Bach, T., Wegrich, K. (eds) The Blind Spots of Public Bureaucracy and the Politics of Non-Coordination, op.cit ,https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-76672-0_1<\/a><\/p>\n [23]<\/a>\u00a0Idem.<\/p>\n [24]<\/a>\u00a0SCHUB R. Informing the Leader: Bureaucracies and International Crises.\u00a0American Political Science Review.;116(4), 2022\u00a0https:\/\/shorturl.at\/2AZ4x<\/a><\/p>\n [25]<\/a>\u00a0Yin Shi, Hong Li, How a crisis mindset activates implicit knowledge and brings it into awareness: The role of attentional switch cost,Consciousness and Cognition,Volume 82,<\/p>\n 2020,\u00a0https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1053810019302296<\/a><\/p>\n [26]<\/a>\u00a0Khaled Hanafi Ali , Small sparks, big bangs , AHRAM WEEKLY Tuesday 15 Dec 2020\u00a0https:\/\/english.ahram.org.eg\/NewsContentP\/50\/396953\/AlAhram-Weekly\/Small-sparks,-big-bangs.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n [27]<\/a>Crisis group ,Q&A \/ AFRICA What is Behind Kenya\u2019s Protest Movement. 03 JULY 2024 https:\/\/shorturl.at\/8dxfZ<\/p>\n [28]<\/a>\u00a0Dharshini David What impact has Brexit had on the UK economy? BBC News 31 January 2023<\/p>\n https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/business-64450882<\/a><\/p>\n [29]<\/a>\u00a0project syndicate ,A Far-Right Resurgence in Europe? Jun 20, 2024<\/p>\n https:\/\/www.project-syndicate.org\/onpoint\/a-far-right-resurgence-in-europe<\/a><\/p>\n [30] \u0631\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633 \u0648\u0648\u062a\u0634: \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 “\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u062d\u0631\u0628”\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0648\u0644\u060c 10 -10-2023\u00a0https:\/\/shorturl.at\/Q5awt<\/a><\/p>\n [31]<\/a>\u00a0Victoria Schneider,Germany\u2019s moral blindness , new arab ,17 Nov, 2023<\/p>\n https:\/\/www.newarab.com\/opinion\/germanys-moral-blindness<\/a><\/p>\n[32] Eugene Rumer and Richard Sokolsky Grand Illusions: The Impact of Misperceptions About Russia on U.S. Policy \u00a0June 30, 2021<\/p>\n https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/research\/2021\/06\/grand-illusions-the-impact-of-misperceptions-about-russia-on-us-policy?lang=en<\/a><\/p>\n[33] Audrey Kurth Cronin, How Hamas Ends: A Strategy for Letting the Group Defeat Itself June 3, 2024\u00a0https:\/\/www.foreignaffairs.com\/israel\/how-hamas-ends-gaza<\/a><\/p>\n\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629.. \u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f<\/strong><\/h3>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064e\u0645\u0652\u064a\u0627\u0621.. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0632 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/h3>\n
\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0641\u0651\u0650\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0649.. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/h3>\n
\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0649.. \u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0646\u0634\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/strong><\/h3>\n
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