{"id":4945,"date":"2025-06-23T06:42:14","date_gmt":"2025-06-23T06:42:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/natharatmouchrika.net\/home\/?p=4945"},"modified":"2025-06-23T06:42:14","modified_gmt":"2025-06-23T06:42:14","slug":"hidden-history-how-israel-acquired-nukes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/natharatmouchrika.net\/home\/?p=4945","title":{"rendered":"Hidden History: How Israel Acquired Nukes"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-4957 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/natharatmouchrika.net\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/69b9487fb24363b8e02c5030556e9cc9-169x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"169\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/natharatmouchrika.net\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/69b9487fb24363b8e02c5030556e9cc9-169x300.jpg 169w, https:\/\/natharatmouchrika.net\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/69b9487fb24363b8e02c5030556e9cc9-576x1024.jpg 576w, https:\/\/natharatmouchrika.net\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/69b9487fb24363b8e02c5030556e9cc9.jpg 736w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 169px) 100vw, 169px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-drop-cap\" style=\"text-align: left;\">n June 13th, the Zionist entity carried out a wide-ranging, unprovoked, criminal\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.presstv.ir\/Detail\/2025\/06\/13\/749716\/Zionist-regime-has-prepared-bitter-painful-fate-for-itself-and-leader\">military strike<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0on Iran, purportedly to dent the Islamic Republic\u2019s quest to develop nuclear weapons. Tehran has\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/articles\/crlddd02w9jo\">consistently repudiated<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0any suggestion it harbours such ambitions. A\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20101122022043\/http:\/\/www.dni.gov\/press_releases\/20071203_release.pdf\">November 2007<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0US National Intelligence Estimate concurred, expressing \u201chigh confidence that in fall 2003,\u201d the country \u201chalted\u201d any and all research in the field. This assessment remained unchanged for several years subsequently, and was\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.is\/gqpi\">reportedly shared<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0by Mossad.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">By contrast, Benjamin Netanyahu has for decades declared\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/theintercept.com\/2015\/03\/02\/brief-history-netanyahu-crying-wolf-iranian-nuclear-bomb\/\">almost annually<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Iran is mere years away from becoming a nuclear power, urging military action as a result. The longtime Israeli leader\u2019s anxieties are sickly ironic, given Tel Aviv\u2019s own nuclear weapons program is the worst kept \u2018secret\u2019 in international affairs. Over many years, multiple entity officials and prominent figures have effectively \u2013 or\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2006\/dec\/12\/germany.israel\">even directly<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 admitted this monstrous capacity. Moreover, Israel is\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/world\/israel\/doctrine.htm\">avowedly committed<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0to the \u2018Samson Option\u2019.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Under its horrifying auspices, if the entity feels sufficiently threatened, it reserves the right to carry out preemptive nuclear strikes not merely on regional adversaries, but its Western sponsors into the bargain. As Dutch-born Israeli military theorist Martin van Creveld boasted in\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2003\/sep\/21\/israelandthepalestinians.bookextracts\">September 2003<\/a><\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Despite such flagrant disclosures, the Zionist entity rigidly sticks to a policy of \u201cdeliberate ambiguity\u201d, refusing to formally confirm or deny it possesses nuclear weapons. When one of Netanyahu\u2019s ministers openly advocated nuking Gaza in\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/middle-east\/netanyahu-disciplines-israeli-minister-who-voiced-openness-hypothetical-nuclear-2023-11-05\/\">November 2023<\/a><\/strong>, they were reprimanded and suspended. Such punishment pales in comparison to the fate of Mordechai Vanunu, a former Israeli nuclear technician who revealed details of Tel Aviv\u2019s nuclear weapons program to the British media in 1986.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Lured to Rome by Mossad, he was\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2004\/04\/21\/international\/middleeast\/21CND-NUCL.html?scp=1&amp;sq=Vanunu%20drugged&amp;st=cse\">then rendered<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0to the Zionist entity and convicted in a secret trial. Vanunu subsequently spent 18 years in prison, the majority of which in solitary confinement. Since release in 2004, he has been subject to a broad array of restrictions on his speech and movement, and repeatedly arrested and jailed\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/en\/documents\/mde15\/046\/2007\/en\/\">for violating<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0the stringent terms of his parole. All along, organisations including Amnesty International\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/en\/documents\/mde15\/046\/2007\/en\/\">have condemned<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Tel Aviv\u2019s brazen breaches of Vanunu\u2019s basic human rights.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">At the time of Vanunu\u2019s heroic whistleblowing, Western governments and intelligence agencies had been aware of \u2013 and deeply concerned by \u2013 Israel\u2019s development of nuclear weapons for almost three decades. How the Zionist entity acquired nukes is a little-known tale, of theft, deception, shadowy spy games, dangerous connivances, and more. Its full dimensions remain indeterminate today. However, given current events, it is vital what\u2019s known about this sordid hidden history is told.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u2018Face Value\u2019<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Israel\u2019s nuclear weapons program was,\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.is\/Kx9r1\">from inception<\/a><\/strong>, \u201ca secret within a secret\u201d. In 1957, France inked a covert agreement with the Zionist entity, leading to the creation of the Dimona nuclear power facility. Paris was apparently unaware the complex would soon form the basis of a clandestine underground reprocessing facility, capable of producing weapons-grade plutonium. The US was seemingly ignorant of Dimona\u2019s existence, let alone its utility for producing nukes, until December 1960.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">That month, a classified\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/nsarchive2.gwu.edu\/nukevault\/ebb510\/docs\/doc%208.pdf\">CIA assessment<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0outlined \u201cimplications of the acquisition by Israel of a nuclear weapons capability.\u201d The document expressed little doubt that a \u201cmajor purpose\u201d of Dimona was \u201cplutonium production for weapons,\u201d and detailed multiple grave outcomes of Tel Aviv\u2019s push for nukes. For one, exposure of the program would inevitably cause \u201cconsternation\u201d in North Africa and West Asia, potentially prompting \u201cthreatened\u201d Arab and Muslim states to turn to the Soviet Union for military assistance.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Furthermore, the CIA predicted Western interests in the region more widely could come under attack, and the Israeli initiative \u201cmight remove some of the inhibitions to development of nuclear weapons\u201d elsewhere in the world. On\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jfklibrary.org\/asset-viewer\/archives\/ccpp-mf03-005#?image_identifier=CCPP-MF03-005-p0001\">January 19th 1961<\/a><\/strong>, the day before his inauguration, John F. Kennedy and his incoming administration visited the White House to meet with outgoing President Dwight D. Eisenhower. Israel\u2019s nuclear program\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/nsarchive.gwu.edu\/briefing-book\/nuclear-vault\/2016-04-21\/concerned-about-nuclear-weapons-potential-john-f-kennedy#_ednref1\">loomed large<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0in discussions between the two statesmen.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">On January 31st that year, Kennedy met with Eisenhower\u2019s departing ambassador to Israel Ogden Reid, for a comprehensive briefing.\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/nsarchive.gwu.edu\/document\/21605-document-1a-secretary-state-rusk-president\">Declassified records<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0refer to the President\u2019s \u201cspecial interest\u201d in Dimona. While a member of Congress during the 1950s, Kennedy\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jfklibrary.org\/learn\/about-jfk\/jfk-in-history\/nuclear-test-ban-treaty\">had repeatedly<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0taken a righteously robust stand against not only nuclear proliferation, but testing, believing the latter encouraged the former. He was implacably opposed to Tel Aviv securing nukes, and immediately upon taking office began intensely pressuring then-Israeli premier David Ben-Gurion to allow regular US inspections of Dimona.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Reid\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/nsarchive.gwu.edu\/document\/21606-document-1b-memorandum-conversation\">told Kennedy<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0he believed Ben-Gurion\u2019s \u201cassurances\u201d Dimona was a mere \u201cresearch reactor\u201d, intended to \u201cserve the needs of industry, agriculture, health, and science\u201d, could be taken at \u201cface value\u201d. The President strongly disagreed, and informed the Israeli Prime Minister in no uncertain terms regular inspections of Dimona were a core condition for harmonious US-Israeli relations. Tel Aviv finally folded in May 1961, and an American inspection team was dispatched to the site.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/nsarchive.gwu.edu\/document\/21653-8bo\">Their report<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0concluded Dimona was strictly intended for nuclear power generation purposes, without military application. This false finding was achieved by French and Israeli technicians outright lying to US inspectors, while undertaking extensive efforts to camouflage and conceal areas of the plant dedicated to research and development of nukes. It was not until\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/nsarchive.gwu.edu\/document\/32665-document-8-inr-thomas-hughes-nea-rodger-p-davies-nuclear-developments-israel-9-march\">March 1967<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0that a State Department Intelligence and Research report uncovered this rank subterfuge, and that Tel Aviv had the ability to produce nuclear weapons at the complex.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u2018Atrociously Incompetent\u2019\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">In the intervening time, multiple US investigations of Dimona reached the same conclusion as the first. Yet, until his death in November 1963, Kennedy remained convinced the Zionist entity\u00a0<em>was\u00a0<\/em>determined to develop nuclear weapons, and may have already done so. Six months before his assassination, he wrote a\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/kennedy-letter-to-ben-gurion-regarding-visit-to-dimona\">private telegram<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0to Ben-Gurion, warning of \u201cthe disturbing effects on world stability which would accompany the development of a nuclear weapons capability by Israel.\u201d He also stressed the \u201curgency\u201d of regular Dimona inspections.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Given the President\u2019s visceral hostility to Israel\u2019s nuke ambitions, it is hardly surprising theories have abounded for years Tel Aviv was one way or another involved in his murder. In 2004, Mordechai Vanunu\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.is\/soq4e\">explicitly levelled<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0the charge, stating there were \u201cnear-certain indications\u201d Kennedy was assassinated due to \u201cpressure he exerted\u201d on Ben-Gurion to \u201cshed light on Dimona\u2019s nuclear reactor.\u201d No smoking gun evidence supporting this allegation has emerged since, although sensitive documents recently released upon Donald Trump\u2019s order unambiguously point in this direction.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Soldier-Spies-Israeli-Military-Intelligence\/dp\/0891415262\">In 1992<\/a><\/strong>, investigative journalist Samuel Katz posited veteran CIA counterintelligence chief James Jesus Angleton secretly directed clandestine Agency assistance to Israel\u2019s nuclear weapons program for years. Fast forward to today, and the freshly-declassified JFK records amply expose how Angleton, one of the Agency\u2019s founders, systematically abused his position to assist the Zionist entity throughout his lengthy tenure. Among the newly-declassified files is a\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.archives.gov\/files\/research\/jfk\/releases\/2025\/0318\/124-10326-10098.pdf\">June 1953<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0memo stating Angleton\u2019s primary intelligence source was Israel.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-162693\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/scheerpost.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-4.png?resize=640%2C447&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"447\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" data-attachment-id=\"162693\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/scheerpost.com\/2025\/06\/17\/hidden-history-how-israel-acquired-nukes\/image-176\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/scheerpost.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-4.png?fit=1180%2C825&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1180,825\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/scheerpost.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-4.png?fit=300%2C210&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/scheerpost.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-4.png?fit=640%2C447&amp;ssl=1\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><em>June 1975 FBI report on James Jesus Angleton\u2019s routine contact with Israeli intelligence<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Other declassified documents indicate Angleton was\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dailysabah.com\/opinion\/op-ed\/jfk-files-strengthen-theory-of-israeli-clique-in-us-deep-state\">effectively running<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0an agency within an agency in the CIA, with Tel Aviv the ultimate beneficiary. A\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.archives.gov\/files\/research\/jfk\/releases\/2025\/0318\/124-10276-10400.pdf\">June 1975<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0FBI report on \u201cIsraeli intelligence collection capabilities\u201d in the US outlines Angleton\u2019s \u201cspecial relationship\u201d with the entity in some detail, noting he routinely delivered \u201cextremely sensitive information\u201d in person to Israel\u2019s Washington DC embassy. Simultaneously, the Bureau was into the 10th year of its probe into how 93 kilograms of highly-enriched uranium mysteriously vanished from Washington\u2019s Nuclear Materials and Equipment Corporation.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-162694\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/scheerpost.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-5.png?resize=640%2C385&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"385\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" data-attachment-id=\"162694\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/scheerpost.com\/2025\/06\/17\/hidden-history-how-israel-acquired-nukes\/image-177\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/scheerpost.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-5.png?fit=882%2C530&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"882,530\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/scheerpost.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-5.png?fit=300%2C180&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/scheerpost.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-5.png?fit=640%2C385&amp;ssl=1\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>CIA chief Richard Helms demands Attorney General Ramsey Clark instigate an FBI probe into NUMEC\u2019s chief, April 1968<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Centre of the\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.israellobby.org\/numec\/04021968_Helms_Clark.pdf\">CIA-instigated<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0FBI investigation was NUMEC president Zalman Shapiro, a\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com\/zalman-shapiro-scientist-and-supporter-of-israel-passes-away-at-96\/\">hardcore Zionist<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0with high-level government contacts and significant business interests in Israel. This included a contract to build nuclear-powered generators. Officially, the NUMEC scandal remains unsolved today, despite dedicated inquiries by the Atomic Energy Commission, Bureau, CIA, and other US government agencies lasting many years. A scathing\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.archives.gov\/files\/declassification\/iscap\/pdf\/2013-078-doc1.pdf\">1978 review<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0by Washington\u2019s Comptroller General concluded investigating authorities deliberately sabotaged their probes into the uranium loss, for the Zionist entity\u2019s benefit:<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u201cThe NUMEC incident and its associated 13-year investigation highlight this country\u2019s current inability to effectively deal with possible diversions of nuclear material\u2026The US needs to improve its efforts for effectively responding to and investigating incidents of missing or unaccounted for weapons-grade nuclear materials\u2026We believe a timely, concerted effort on the part of these\u2026agencies would have greatly aided and possibly solved the NUMEC diversion questions, if they desired.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">There was an obvious motivation for the CIA, FBI et al not \u201cdesiring\u201d to solve the riddle of where NUMEC\u2019s missing highly-enriched uranium ended up. As Kennedy assassination expert Jefferson Morley\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/news\/us-news\/latest-batch-jfk-assassination-documents-show-kennedys-distrust-cia-rcna197163\">has told<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0mainstream news networks, Israel\u2019s man in Langley James Jesus Angleton placed the President\u2019s\u00a0<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/22november1963.org.uk\/the-career-of-lee-harvey-oswald\">alleged killer<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Lee Harvey Oswald under Agency surveillance in November 1959. This amounted to intensively \u201cmonitoring his politics, his personal life, his foreign travels, his contacts\u201d until the day the President was killed. Morley explained the significance of this thus:<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u201cAngleton had a 180-page file on Oswald on his desk a week before Kennedy went to Dallas in November 1963\u2026So what this story raises is the question: was the CIA incredibly, atrociously incompetent when it comes to Lee Harvey Oswald, or was Angleton actually running an operation involving Oswald?\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Link :https:\/\/scheerpost.com\/2025\/06\/17\/hidden-history-how-israel-acquired-nukes\/<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>n June 13th, the Zionist entity carried out a wide-ranging, unprovoked, criminal\u00a0military strike\u00a0on Iran, purportedly to dent the Islamic Republic\u2019s quest to develop nuclear weapons. Tehran has\u00a0consistently repudiated\u00a0any suggestion it harbours such ambitions. A\u00a0November 2007\u00a0US National Intelligence Estimate concurred, expressing \u201chigh confidence that in fall 2003,\u201d the country \u201chalted\u201d any and all research in the &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4957,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[43],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4945","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-policy"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v23.5 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Hidden History: How Israel Acquired Nukes - \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0642\u0629<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/natharatmouchrika.net\/home\/?p=4945\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Hidden History: How Israel Acquired Nukes\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"n June 13th, the Zionist entity carried out a wide-ranging, unprovoked, criminal\u00a0military strike\u00a0on Iran, purportedly to dent the Islamic Republic\u2019s quest to develop nuclear weapons. 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